Bacterial Probes

Since the microbial specificity of periodontal diseases is well established, having a valid microbial diagnostic test is essential for a correct and a coherent treatment planning. DNA probe will be used to identify and quantify the oral pathogens, most commonly associated with periodontitis. Oligodeoxynucleotide probes have been developed for identification of the periodontal bacteria Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides gingivalis, B. intermedius types I and II, B. forsythus, Eikenella corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Haemophilus aphrophilus, Streptococcus intermedius, and Wolinella recta.

FISH Probes were designed by sequencing the 16S rRNA for each bacterium, identifying hypervariable regions, and chemically synthesizing species-specific probes. These probes were specific when tested against a panel of nucleic acids from closely related bacteria.

Our specialists from Creative Bioarray have developed a more rapid identification assay using species- or genus-specific probes. Creative Bioarray is one of the well-recognized experts who is professional in FISH technologies for a broad range of project objective. With years of experience, our scientists can offer high-quality FISH analysis of microorganisms to meet your demands.

Scientific Publications Using Our Probes

"First report of microbial symbionts in the digestive system of shipworms; wood boring mollusks"

Authors: Goodell, Barry, et al.

Journal: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 192

Published: 2024

This study utilized our EUB338 Probe to detect and visualize bacterial clusters in the typhlosole (a digestive structure) of shipworms (Teredo navalis). The researchers employed FISH (Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization) combined with confocal microscopy to analyze cross-sections of the shipworm cecum and typhlosole.

Read Full Article →https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964830524000878

"The Cellular Microbiome of Visceral Organs: An Inherent Inhabitant of Parenchymal Cells"

Authors: Sun, Xiaowei, et al.

Journal: Microorganisms 12.7 (2024): 1333.

Published: 2024

The study used our EUB338 probe to detect and localize bacterial RNA in parenchymal cells of visceral organs in rats through FISH (Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization). The probe specifically labeled bacterial clusters in both the nuclei and cytoplasm of these cells, with FITC labeling (green) and DAPI counterstaining (blue) confirming the presence of bacteria. Positive controls (E. coli and S. aureus) validated the probe's effectiveness, while negative controls (PBS and nonEUB338) confirmed specificity. The findings demonstrated the presence of intracellular bacteria in healthy rats, challenging the traditional view of cellular sterility and suggesting a potential cellular microbiome distinct from gut microbiota.

Read Full Article →https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/7/1333

"Genotypic variation in disease susceptibility among cultured stocks of elkhorn and staghorn corals"

Authors: Miller, Margaret W., et al

Journal: PeerJ 7

Published: 2019

The study used our EUB338-I and EUB338-II probes in FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) to detect and localize bacteria in coral tissue samples, particularly in necrotic or apoptotic areas along tissue-loss margins. The probes labeled abundant minute bacteria, revealing differences in bacterial distribution and morphology between samples from different years (2016 and 2017).

Findings:

1. The probes demonstrated the presence of diverse bacterial communities in degraded coral tissues, including Rickettsiales-like organisms (RLOs) and other bacteria.
2. Differences in bacterial quantity and species between samples suggested variability in microbial communities associated with tissue loss.
3. The study highlighted the role of bacteria in coral tissue-loss diseases but emphasized the need for further molecular studies to identify specific pathogens.

Read Full Article→https://peerj.com/articles/6751/

"Liver microbiome in healthy rats: the hidden inhabitants of hepatocytes"

Authors: Sun, Xiao Wei, et al.

Journal: Cellular Microbiology

Published: 2023

The study used our EUB338 probe in FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) to detect bacterial 16S rRNA in liver tissues of healthy rats. The probe successfully identified bacteria within the nuclei and cytoplasm of hepatocytes, confirming the presence of intracellular bacteria in normal liver parenchymal cells.

Findings:

• The study demonstrated the existence of a distinct liver microbiome, different from the gut microbiome, with bacteria acting as hidden intracellular inhabitants in hepatocytes.
• The liver microbiome showed higher bacterial richness and evenness compared to the gut microbiome.
• This is the first report of intracellular bacteria in normal liver cells, shifting microbiome research focus from the gut to parenchymal cells.

Read Full Article→https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1155/2023/7369034

"The beneficial effects of commensal E. coli for colon epithelial cell recovery are related with Formyl peptide receptor 2 (Fpr2) in epithelial cells."

Authors: Chen, Keqiang, et al.

Journal: Gut Pathogens

Published: 2023

The study used our EUB338 probe in FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) to detect bacterial 16S rRNA in tissue samples. The probe identified and localized bacteria within specific cells or tissues, confirming the presence of bacterial communities in the studied samples.

Findings:

• The probe demonstrated the presence of bacteria in specific locations, such as intracellular environments or tissue regions, depending on the study's focus.
• It provided evidence of bacterial involvement in biological processes or diseases, such as tissue degradation, intracellular colonization, or microbiome composition.
• The results highlighted the role of bacteria in the studied system, supporting further research into their functional or pathological significance.

Read Full Article→https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13099-023-00557-w